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Melitopol ((ウクライナ語:Мелітополь), translit. ''Melitopol’'', (ロシア語:Мелитополь)) is a city in Zaporizhia Oblast (region) of the southeastern Ukraine. It is situated on the Molochna〔''Milky''〕 River that flows through the eastern edge of the city and into the Molochnyi Liman, which eventually joins the Sea of Azov. Population: . Melitopol is incorporated as a city of oblast significance and is the second largest city in the oblast after Zaporizhia. It serves as the administrative center of Melitopol Raion, though it does not belong to the raion. Geographically, the city is in the south-eastern Ukraine, at the crossing of two major European highways E58 Vienna - Uzhhorod - Kiev - Rostov-na-Donu and E105 Kirkenes - St. Petersburg - Moscow - Kiev - Yalta. The electrified railway line of international importance goes through Melitopol. 80% of passenger train lines go through toward their destination of Crimean cities. Melitopol is also called "the gateway to the Crimea", because in the summer time the road traffic in the city reaches the level of 45,000 vehicles per day, heading for the coast of Sea of Azov and Black Sea. Generally, the Russian language is spoken in the city. ==History== In medieval times, there was a small Noghai aul of Kyzyl-Yar where the modern Melitopol is settled. In July 1769, Russian military commanders built a redoubt there, and Zaporizhia Cossacks carried out their duty service there. On February 2, 1784, Ekaterina II issued the decree to create the Taurian Province on the lands that had been won. The deputy of Novorossiya His Highness Prince Potemkin signed the relation to establish a town that very year - and Cossacks' families and those of retired soldiers of Suvorov settled on the right bank of the Molochna River. Among others, Germans were encouraged to settle in the new province, and some villages in this area were for many years German-speaking, such as Heidelberg (now Pryshyb) some to the north of Melitopol.〔(Richard Konkel, genealogist )〕 In 1816, the settlement got the name ''sloboda'' ''of Novoalexandrovka''. Its population was increasing due to the importation of peasants from the northern provinces of Ukraine and Russia. On January 7, 1842, the sloboda was recognized as a town and received the new name of Melitopol after a port city of Melita (from Greek ''Μέλι'' (meli) - "honey") which had been situated on the mouth of the Molochna River. At the end of the 19th century, the ''Honey-city''〔i.e. Melitopol, this is how Melitopol sometimes is referred in the local mass-media〕 had been developed as a trade center - there were some banks, credit organizations and wholesale stores. The largest enterprises in the city at the time were the iron foundry and the Brothers Klassen's machinery construction factory (1886), the railroad depot and the workshops. Further development of the city was closely connected with trade, iron and engineering industries, and Crimean direction railway service. In the early twentieth century there were 15 thousand people living in Melitopol. 30 industrial and 350 retail outlets operated in the city at that time. In the second half of the twentieth century there was a strong economic growth of the city: new factories, plants, and housing estates were constructed. 16 Melitopol business enterprises have received the All-Soviet Union significance status. Industrial enterprise production was exported to more than 50 countries worldwide. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Melitopol」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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